C interview Questions and Answers for Beginners

 

In this article, we will be discussing most asked C programming interview questions during technical interview rounds of various companies. The below given C interview questions range from Easy to Advanced Level. Even if you are a beginner in C, these C language interview questions and answers will help you understand and revise better.

1) What is C language?

C is a mid-level and procedural programming language. The Procedural programming language is also known as the structured programming language is a technique in which large programs are broken down into smaller modules, and each module uses structured code. This technique minimizes error and misinterpretation.

2) Why is C known as a mother language?

C is known as a mother language because most of the compilers and JVMs are written in C language. Most of the languages which are developed after C language has borrowed heavily from it like C++, Python, Rust, Javascript, etc. It introduces new core concepts like arrays, functions, and file handling which are used in these languages.

3) Why is C called a mid-level programming language?

C is called a mid-level programming language because it binds the low-level and high-level programming languages. We can use C language as a System programming to develop the operating system as well as Application programming to generate a menu-driven customer-driven billing system.

4) Who is the founder of the C language?

Dennis Ritchie.

5) When was the C language developed?

C language was developed in 1972 at the bell laboratories of AT&T.

6) What are the features of the C language?

The main features of the C language are given below:

• Simple: C is a simple language because it follows the structured approach, i.e., a program is broken into parts

• Portable: C is highly portable means that once the program is written can be run on any machine with little or no modifications.

• Mid Level: C is a mid-level programming language as it combines the low-level language with the features of the high-level language.

• Structured: C is a structured language as the C program is broken into parts.

• Fast Speed: C language is very fast as it uses a powerful set of data types and operators.

• Memory Management: C provides an inbuilt memory function that saves the memory and improves the efficiency of our program.

• Extensible: C is an extensible language as it can adopt new features in the future.

7) What is the use of printf() and scanf() functions?

printf(): The printf() function is used to print the integer, character, float, and string values onto the screen.

Following are the format specifier:

• %d: It is a format specifier used to print an integer value.

• %s: It is a format specifier used to print a string.

• %c: It is a format specifier used to display a character value.

• %f: It is a format specifier used to display a floating-point value.

scanf(): The scanf() function is used to take input from the user.

8) What is the use of the function in C?

Uses of the C function are:

• C functions are used to avoid rewriting the same code again and again in our program.

• C functions can be called any number of times from any place in our program.

• When a program is divided into functions, then any part of our program can easily be tracked.

• C functions provide the reusability concept, i.e., it breaks the big task into smaller tasks so that it makes the C program more understandable.

9) What is recursion in C?

When a function calls itself, this process is known as recursion. The function that calls itself is known as a recursive function.

Recursive function comes in two phases:

1. Winding phase

2. Unwinding phase

Winding phase: When the recursive function calls itself, and this phase ends when the condition is reached.

Unwinding phase: The unwinding phase starts when the condition is reached, and the control returns to the original call.

Example of recursion

1. #include <stdio.h>

2. int calculate_fact(int);  

3. int main()  

4. {  

5. int n=5,f;  

6.  f=calculate_fact(n); // calling a function

7.  printf("factorial of a number is %d",f);  

8. return 0;  

9. }  

10. int calculate_fact(int a)  

11. {  

12. if(a==1)  

13.   {  

14. return 1;  

15.   }  

16. else

17. return a*calculate_fact(a-1); //calling a function recursively.

18.    }  

Output:

factorial of a number is 120

10) What is an array in C?

An Array is a group of similar types of elements. It has a contiguous memory location. It makes the code optimized, easy to traverse, and easy to sort. The size and type of arrays cannot be changed after their declaration.

Arrays are of two types:

• One-dimensional array: One-dimensional array is an array that stores the elements one after the other.

Syntax:

1. data_type array_name[size];  

• Multidimensional array: Multidimensional array is an array that contains more than one array.

Syntax:

1. data_type array_name[size];  

Example of an array:

1. #include <stdio.h>

2. int main()  

3. {  

4. int arr[5]={1,2,3,4,5}; //an array consists of five integer values.

5. for(int i=0;i<5;i++)  

6.    {  

7.        printf("%d ",arr[i]);  

8.    }  

9. return 0;  

10. }  

Output:

1 2 3 4 5

If you are preparing for a C programming interview, then you have reached the right place. This article covers the top basic c interview questions by WsCube Tech which can be asked in your next interview. These C interview questions have been designed to familiarize you with the different types of questions you may face during your C programming interview. This article will help you to improve your chances of getting a job by giving you an edge in the job market where most global and local organizations, big or small, are looking for professionals proficient in C programming.